© American Federation for Medical Research 2020. Multiple sclerosis myelin oligodendrocyte (MOG) antibody associated disease neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. 1,2 Anti-MOG antibodies (MOG-IgG) can cause demyelination in vitro and induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. In this review, we will examine the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and natural history of these inflammatory CNS disorders. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a protein expressed on the surface of myelin sheaths and oligodendrocytes. MRI features of demyelinating disease associated with anti-MOG antibodies in adults. Careful review of the history, neurological exam, imaging, and/or spinal fluid results are essential to making an accurate diagnosis. The clinical spectrum and incidence of anti-MOG-associated acquired demyelinating syndromes in children and adults. Clinical indicators are important to guide diagnostic work-up. The advent of reliable testing for anti-aquaporin-4 for NMOSD and anti-MOG antibodies has helped significantly however, diagnosis can remain challenging, especially in sero-negative cases. It is imperative to distinguish each from one another, especially since the treatments (not discussed in this review) can be different. However, these disorders have distinctive and generally different clinical phenotypes, prognosis and management. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease are less common but share some clinical characteristics, such as optic neuritis and myelitis, which can make a specific diagnosis challenging. ![]() Although Multiple Sclerosis is the most common central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating disorder, other CNS inflammatory disorders should be included as diagnostic considerations.
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